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Earlier this year, I started a conversation <a href="/expert-insights/buying/30202-what-makes-great-foundations-for-new-developments" target="_blank">here</a> about what in today's market contributes to the great foundations of an exceptional residential development.
From the buyers' perspective, it's a topic worth continuing, because while there are always lots of property options there's also almost endless daily market commentary.
It’s also impossible not to notice that this commentary is starting to become increasingly polarised. And so I think it’s constructive to suggest that if buyers concentrate on some core elements or great foundations, then despite shifting market conditions, a project that 'ticks the boxes' will always be a good choice; a good home or investment.
I find the best way to do this is to take time and look at individual projects. While I continue to see up-side in the Brisbane market, it’s a project like Cornerstone Living in Brisbane (pictured above) that’s a great example. Not so much a case study, but more a real time example of a solid opportunity.
The Brisbane market might be somewhat in the shadow of Sydney and Melbourne, but, as I detailed <a href="/news/qld/34928-bserver-destination-brisbane" target="_blank">back in August</a>, it’s a solid emerging market with great potential, currently offering exceptional value.
So let’s take a closer look at Cornerstone Living and see just why it has great foundations, and as such is an exceptional long-term project.
Markets Never Stand Still
As we look at some key features of Cornerstone let’s also keep in mind that market conditions are always changing, prices are not static they do not always rise, and despite being at sustained and historically low levels, interest rates will eventually increase and supply levels will shift. However by strictly checking the fundamentals of a project, a buyer’s choice can be reassured and it’s possible to move with confidence.
Before looking at my selected Brisbane project, I want to restate the common factors making for great project foundations. From buyer feedback and experience they are usually centred on a few common factors such as being infill locations, the use of existing infrastructure, environmental credentials and sustainability.
Other key points include easy access to open space, the quality of design, good communications, the appeal of mixed use developments, the liveability of the development and finally sales appeal, which is one test that Cornerstone Living has in its first stages already easily past, as the first release stages one and two are now sold out.
This article continues on the next page. Please click below to continue.
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Infill locations
In every capital city and many regional centres, infill locations have been in favour with planners and buyers now for at least a decade, and it’s the same with Cornerstone Living. Consolidated Properties and Hutchinson Builders are building this long-term project, located some 12 kilometres from the Brisbane CBD and just 1.5 kilometres from Sunnybank Plaza.
The site also has easy connections to the major facilities of Mount Gravatt and via the Pacific Motorway to the Gold Coast.
Infill sites are usually (but not always) blessed with access to existing infrastructure, and planning is required to ensure these facilities are not over-run by an influx of new residents. As a key foundation that buyers now look for, we need to think of the full spectrum of schooling and educational facilities from pre-schools to university and for Cornerstone Living that starts with a 10-minute walk to some local schools and an easy bus connection to Griffith University Nathan Campus.
A five or 10 minute drive to get a carton of milk is not anyone's idea of convenience, so 400 shops, cafes, restaurants and services to a regional centre level give the project a better than good start.
The $600 million 10 hectre master planned community site spans a 10 year development period and will deliver 1200 dwellings.
It’s a planing initiative of the Brisbane City Council and as a classic infill site is aligned to existing train and bus services. This combination and the use of existing infrastructure gives the location its core appeal and like other such locations sustains value and buyer support.
The infrastructure is a long-term benefit that always adds value as urban centres like Brisbane scramble to create new services.
Design
In today’s market I think that location, price and design are the big three standout considerations for any buyer or developer. The key design aspects at Cornerstone Living have a lot to do with the sub-tropical environment, the demands of modern living and a clear goal to ensure that the development would fit with the existing urban landscape. It’s an important aspect of infill projects that is not always easy to achieve.
Sales appeal
This is the big test, which in some markets is starting to be taken for granted, but it should not be. Cornerstone Living has great sales appeal and at this early stage in the projects life the architect-designed homes consisting of one, two and bedrooms offering houses and apartments have been designed appeal to varied markets. These include first home buyers, young couples, families and retirees which are increasingly seen as the benefits of multi-generational living.
Good value homes for a wide cross section of buyers, first class community services – add to the appeal of an area in Brisbane which is being rejuvenated – and Cornerstone Living is being integrated into an existing and well-established local community a great foundations that buyers should always be looking out for.
Next I will look at Cornerstone Living’s design, the projects environmental credentials, the use of open space, leisure facilities and employment opportunities and the always-important factor of communications, which from every point of view are always of critical importance.
Peter Chittenden is the managing director for residential at Colliers International. Colliers International are project partners and the sales agents of Cornerstone Living.
 
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What makes great foundations for a property investment

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For what seams a long time we have been in the midst of a debate about the impact of offshore investment into our domestic residential property market, both private buyers and now increasingly developers. Revelations that FIRB regulations appear not to have been enforced for some years has as fuelled the idea that offshore buyers are driving up local prices and as a result locking some buyers, in particular first time buyers, out of the market.
However I think it’s important to acknowledge that this is not a new trend, offshore investment into Australia has been going on now for a very long time. Currently there appears to be a particular focus on Asian buyers, and this was a topic of a recent breakfast presentation I was involved in.
The breakfast presentation was hosted for a very interested audience by Coco Republic at their Sydney flagship store. The event has helped focus my views about this important debate, and so I am recounting some of the key points from that presentation.
There’s a Lot of Wealth in Asia
We need to remember that these buyers have very deep pockets, in some cases very deep and this extends to high net worth individuals (HNWI). While Asia is generally considered to rank third in number of HNWI after Europe and the USA, Asian numbers are growing rapidly, and will soon overtake the USA. Wealth also creates mobility and Asian buyers have always been happy to travel and invest in other countries, this mobility is often overlooked.
For these wealthy buyers as well as for a rapidly growing middle-class across the region, Australia is seen as a safe investment destination that also comes with a great lifestyle. Political stability and our property laws are also positives. Because of the current restrictions most offshore investment is naturally focused on new apartments, but within that market activity is generally spread across diverse areas, it’s not only CBD centric and I think that investment growth should be welcomed.
To say this is pushing up prices is too simplistic, prices are increasing, but it’s because of a combination of factors. Above all it’s tied to supply problems and poor delivery of infrastructure to enable a free flow of new stock and problems with supply are not new, we’ve know about problems with supply for years.
The supply side is also now being influenced by the direct development involvement of Asian investors into our markets, and so they are helping boost supply.
What we are seeing is the offshore investors/developers being very competitive in the market. They move quickly, they bring new ideas and we have to also keep in mind the impact of the local currency. Local and state governments with a development focus are looking for investment and many Asian investors have a critical level of expertise and access to capital that will only see this trend strengthen as more sites are acquired.
Lifestyle a Key Factor
One key point I made during my presentation is that offshore buyers are not coming here to play cricket in the streets, they are anxious to engage in every aspect of society and they take a long-term and very considered view of what and where they buy. Many buyers also have long term existing family connections here.
The flow of Asian buyers and the number of Asian students is one key example that has had a marked impact on some areas of the market in Sydney, and Melbourne and other cities. Big student numbers help drive demand for accommodation, and Sydney’s Broadway/Ultimo area is a dynamic example.
Largely because of student numbers and associated development, the area is heading for a true ‘downtown’ feel with 7-day a week activity. Because of its direct impact on residential property, it’s worth looking in more detail at the impact of the education sector. Figures show that in 1994 total student numbers were less than 100,000, by 2000 that had grown to 150,000.
However in 2009 numbers last peaked at around 620,000 students, numbers then fell away until 2012 and but since then numbers have been on the increase again and in 2014 were heading back towards 590,000, and the biggest sector is students in higher education. Although there’s growth in numbers also attending, and paying to do so, at the primary and high school level. There’s a direct link with more offshore buyers as some apartments are purchased for investments to cater for this demand, or parents buying to directly house their kids.
I think from a marketing perspective this has helped create more vibrant areas, and is a progressive development across several sectors and it is a big boost to economic activity; it’s a good example of why offshore direct investment into residential property is a positive trend. Education is a key part of the service sector economy and growth is required to help re-balance the economy as we exit the mining boom.
Helping to Revive the CBD
And while we have a strong in-flow of funds this is also helping to further shape core CBD residential markets, and is driving demand that will see more and more B &amp; C grade office buildings converted for residential use.
As the CBD evolves it can also be seen that offshore buyers are also having an indirect influence in a more subtle way. For example planners looking to change our local dependence on cars can have apartments with no parking and they can influence demand and size of apartments, all deriving from the fact that offshore buyers take a different view of these two sometimes touchy areas for local buyers, this helps to create diversity of product and supply.
This trend of re-developing secondary office stock will go on and motivate demand for new office inventory for example in Sydney in areas like Barangaroo.
Such investment activity has a deep and powerful impact on our cities, it helps make sure they are ever more dynamic places, and that’s important if Sydney’s continued ambitions of being a major international city are to be realised. We cannot have that ambition on the one hand, and then on the other restrict or shackled offshore buyers, we have to have an open (if regulated) approach.
We are Not Creating ‘Little Asia’
A question I was asked at the Coco Republic event was centred on the idea that some buildings or projects might be focused just on offshore or Asian buyers.
In reality this is not the case, really it is just the opposite, as might be expected in an open market, buildings vary with the buyer profile they attract. Just what might be seen as Asian facilities I am not sure, but as far as design and interiors and common areas are concerned, projects are being built to meet the general demands of the market, we are not setting out to just accommodate Asian buyers.
What is true is that just like any local buyer, offshore buyers do put a lot of energy into selecting the right home or investment. They don’t just rush in and buy anything. They may appear to be dominant in particular areas but this is more as a result of where supply happens to be. Most offshore buyers are astute buyers – they express 5-10 year plans, and re-sale is the key concern.
Like all investors, they also focus on the potential of capital gains in later years and so they look for apartments that have strong appeal to the local market, after all it is often said you can’t exactly pack up an apartment and ship it off in your luggage on the next Qantas flight.
There are some location specific buyer profiles, but again that is not a unique factor, local buyers will be attracted by access to a particular university or school or shopping centre or business park, the same applies to offshore buyers.
I think it’s also worth acknowledging that the big four banks are looking at buyer profiles and they can put a cap on lending to the sector, however offshore buyers can access external funds.
ATO Takes on Part of FIRB Role
The recent changes to FIRB merit some comment. From my experience over the last few months, the government changes have not had any significant impact. Most buyers accept that there is a need to enforce the current laws, the ATO is now checking and perhaps it’s more a failure of policy and not an attempt to contravene the laws that really reflects market sentiment.
As I suggested earlier, the rule of law is important to offshore buyers, this helps make our market attractive alongside the fact that title is secure, here in Australia. I see constant evidence that these buyers never take anything for granted and so they are happy to work within the rules.
The Federal Government is also taking up the benefit’s Free Trade Agreements, and Significant Investment Visas as ways of boosting economic activity and investment, and so I do not think that residential property can sit outside these sorts of policies.
Suggesting that offshore buyers are the main cause of higher prices and tight markets is counter productive. Offshore buyers are looking for a full cultural involvement with Australia and that extends beyond the apartments themselves, they go on and buy furniture, cars and services and so that filters into the economy. If you look at the education sector again, and were to remove foreign students then the sector starts to look pretty poor. I think offshore buyers can do much the same for the housing market, helping to sustain activity and also directly boosting supply via direct development and sizeable investment as is already happening.
Given the existing FIRB rules, it is not reasonable to suggest that offshore buyers are having any more than a marginal impact on the local market, and while that may be more apparent in some pockets, I think it’s a distraction from the failure of long-term policy, that all levels of government need to take responsibility for. This include the chronic neglect of infrastructure, neglect that we are now being reminded of almost daily.
Peter Chittenden is managing director for residential of Colliers International. He can be contacted <a href="https://www.projectagenda.com.au" target="_blank">here</a>.
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Offshore investment is essential: Peter Chittenden

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As coincidence would have it I recently had a conversation with Dr Hazel Easthope, Senior Research Fellow, City Futures Research Centre UNSW following the news last month of yet another delay being announced in the now long over due review of NSW Strata Title legislation.
It has been confirmed that the Strata law reforms in NSW are to be delayed (again) with changes now not due to come into force until July next year. That’s another 18 months, which for such an important area of reform appears almost to be neglected.
The plans have been delayed several times since being announced in 2011. The reforms to the state’s 50-year-old strata laws are now urgent, but this message appears not to being heard by the State Government. In part a series of ministerial changes have hampered the process, but concerns among apartment dwellers are on the rise, and their concerns are justified.
The research being undertaken by Dr Easthope is looking at the experience of people living in strata titled property. Her work will look at details of people and seek to learn about their experiences of living in an apartment, and what they like and dislike about strata tile living. How strata title impacts the feeling of ‘home’ and how the quality of building management impacts residents. It’s notable that the quality of building management is now a key issue for many apartment buyers and investors.
The aim being to better understand the needs of different people living together in strata schemes and what can be done to make them more attractive places for everyone. The survey is due to be completed by 30thJune 2015 and I look forward to seeing the results.
The survey can be accessed at <a href="https://www.be.unsw.edu.au/research-centres-and-clusters/city-futures/about-us" target="_blank">City Futures</a>, and along with Dr Easthope I will keep readers up to date on the survey and related topics.
 Also in a national survey on strata-titled property conducted by Queensland’s Griffith University, the author, Professor Christopher Guilding has named building defects as the main challenge for apartment owners, which was also identified as the biggest issue for strata lawyers, and in the top five by resident building managers.
As a result the SMH recently reported that Professor Guilding is calling for a federal government inquiry about the issue, which must also put even more pressure on the NSW review process.
Professor Guilding will be releasing the results of the Inquiry Into Key Challenges In Australian Strata Title in September at the launch of the biennial national conference Strata and Community Title in Australia for the 21st Century.
The work by Professor Guilding and Dr Easthope appears very opportune and may well be central to helping to maintain the quality of life for the many apartment owners and future buyers across Australia and I am sure there will be a lot of valuable information and insights to share.
Peter Chittenden is managing director for residential of Colliers International. He can be contacted <a href="https://www.projectagenda.com.au/" target="_blank">here</a>.
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Yet more strata legislation delays: Peter Chittenden

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This is my final post looking at what figures from the Rental Bond Board tell as about the make-up and direction of the rental market, in Sydney and across NSW. While supply of rental accommodation has been below population growth trends, the numbers are now catching up and the popularity of investing in residential property has seen a big increase in supply, and this is slowing rental growth.
Rental Growth Slows
The general trend of median rents across the metropolitan area between 2010-11/2013-14 shows that growth in median rents has been slowing. In 2010-11 the increase was 3.1% and in 2011-12 it was 4.3%.
However in 2012-13 the figure fell below 4% to 3.1% and in 2013-14 the increase was 2.9%. Recent figures published by Corelogic RP Data and the ABS both show a slowing in rental growth with Corelogic reporting an increase of only 1.5% over the past 12 months. The ABS CPI rental series notes an increase of 2.1% over the year to March 31. Both these results confirm the trend noted in the Board’s figures.
Supply Increasing
One key factor that is putting downward pressure on rents has been the big jump in supply in NSW over recent years as more investors look to residential property, driven by falling deposit rates and the availability of cheap finance. The number of bonds held by the Board clearly shows the trend, in the following table:
 
Year:              Number of Bonds:          Increase:
2008/09          643,518                        ^8028
2209/10          648,142                        ^4624
2010/11          662,756                        ^14,614
2011/12          680,150                        ^17,394
2012/13          703,158                        ^23,008
2013/14          726,337                        ^23,179
The upward trend has been most notable since 2012/13 with some 46,187 new tenancies added to the NSW rental pool and the trend is sure to have continued into 2014/15.
Invest in Quality
As more stock becomes available, I suggest that investors, just like owner-occupiers should invest in quality and do their research to help ensure that despite more supply, they secure good opportunities in popular rental locations.
I suggest that no matter how strong investment demand is, you can never beat quality and with banks taking a tighter line on investment loans it’s even more important. The key items to keep in mind are by no means new, but it’s sensible non the less to keep them in mind, so I suggest a simple check list, in particular for off-the-plan buyers would include the following items to tick off.
Firstly try to get in early and learn all about the area where you might invest. Understand the quality of the project, if the finishes and fixtures appeal to you personally, then they will also be acceptable to tenants, and if there’s a competitive market this will be an important consideration.
Check that you can secure all of the finance for your investment, and always include the added cost of stamp duty and legal fees, plus take into account the ongoing costs like strata and management fees. Visit the project location, at least a few times, even more important if you’re going to invest outside of your home city. Do your research and gain an understanding of what sort of supply pipeline and tenant demand there might be when your project is complete. These are simple ideas, and I suggest the same even when buying an established property, because as supply continues to increase and we possibly see rents moderate, these factors will help secure tenants.
The trends come from a very big pool of tenants as the Rental Bond Board looks after what might soon be approaching 750,000 tenancy bonds across NSW, and so the figures are a very reliable reflection of the wider rental market.
Given all of the activity across our property market in the last 12 months the Board’s report for 2014-15 will I am sure make very interesting reading.
To read the first part of Peter's two-part post click <a href="peter-chittenden/43819-nsw-rental-supply-below-growth-trends-peter-chittenden" target="_blank">here</a>.
Peter Chittenden is managing director for residential of Colliers International. He can be contacted <a href="https://www.projectagenda.com.au/" target="_blank">here</a>.
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Rental trends supply heading upward: Peter Chittenden

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In February the Reserve Bank Governor Glen Stevens admitted concern over the Sydney property, with expectations that the median house price ‘may hit $1 million’ by the end of the year. We all know that prediction has already been realised and last week Sydney’s median house price just crept past the $1,000,000 mark.
Since February there has also been an ongoing discussion about the impact of investors on the marketing. Investors have been very active buyers and this shows up in the demand for finance with investors active across the established and new home market, and also buying new apartments off the plan. Among these buyers there are big numbers of SMSF.
With investors being seen as dominant in the market there are now strong concerns being expressed that they are in part (along with offshore buyers) shutting out first home buyers, and with the advantage of very low interest rates possibly over-heating the market. So much so now that the banks and banking regulators have started to make it more difficult for property investors (and it must be said for offshore buyers) by taking a number of steps. These include higher interest rates and bigger deposits for investors and a restriction of loan funds that the banks allocate to this sector of the market.
Taken as a package these measures look like a strong reaction aimed at investors. In accessing if these steps are warranted or not, I think we should firstly remember that property investors have always been an important part of the market, and that they are a very diverse group. This is not a sector dominated by the ‘rich and famous’.
Are Restriction Really Necessary?
Now that some investors will face additional hurdles I think we need to ask if this group is simply an easy target and will, for instance, the measures announced do anything to directly help first time buyers. This sort of direct intervention into the market is rare and there’s little doubt that it’s driven by the idea that the Sydney market and parts of Melbourne in particular, may be overheating.
However just targeting investors in isolation looks puzzling. Mainly I suggest from the point of view that this is as mentioned earlier it’s a very diverse group. Low interest rates and the search for yield are two factors and the flow of SMSF investment I think is also very much tied up in the continued debate over superannuation.
For this group property has always had special appeal because it’s seen as a stable and long-term investment. SMSF already have to comply with a lot of tough rules when they invest in property and so such investments do not really strike me as speculative, in fact just the opposite.
Are such targeted changes really well founded, because from a financial view point I find myself asking why is one dollar of investment better than or worse than another?
I would think that most investors are more than capable of paying their obligations than an owner-occupier when someone else is after all usually paying the rent. Historically it has always been rents and tenants demand that has acted to temper investor demand.
Prior to some of the banks last week lifting interest rates for investors, there was already evidence that increased supply of new apartments was starting to slow down rental growth, a trend that I had noted earlier [see posts June 17th-19th] when looking at 2-3 year rental market trends as reflected in figures from the NSW Rental Bond Board.
And so given the very wide range of factors at work in the property market there is I feel, a need to question why are the regulators and banks are interfering with market process in one very select area.
Appreciating that there are tighter controls also now being focussed on some offshore buyers both measures look like high profile and doubtless popular measures among some sections of the community.
However if the aim is partly to give FHB an improved chance to enter the market, then I suggest that direct action should be taken to approve more land release, ease some rules around apartments, like lifting height restrictions along with much more effort to deliver infrastructure.
While above all, the tax burden, both direct and indirect on homebuyers, should also be addressed as readily as other financial measures now aimed at investors.
This coming at a time when the suggestion of a higher GST would further disadvantage first time buyers without really substantial changes to crippling stamp duty which now stands at $40,523 in NSW on the median house price of $1,000,616. The really horrific fact is that the rates have not been reviewed since December 1986 when the median Sydney house price was $98,325 and this is despite price creeping or the recent price explosion, a fact that is simply a disgrace and shows government’s addiction to property related tax revenue. For any sort of reform this does make investors, and offshore investors look easy targets.
Peter Chittenden is managing director for residential of Colliers International. He can be contacted <a href="https://www.projectagenda.com.au/" target="_blank">here</a>.
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Throwing brick bats at investors: Peter Chittenden

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OK, so I understand that house and apartment prices in Sydney are expensive and likely to remain so.
While it depends on which research you read or believe Sydney generally ranks among the world’s top 10 most costly cities for residential real estate. Ranking alongside Monaco, Hong Kong, London, New York and Singapore.
Prices are influenced by many factors and it’s a lack of supply that is one big factor in Sydney like it is for Monaco, Hong Kong, Singapore and Geneva. These cities have one thing in common, they have very limited land and so little space to expand and Sydney has that problem as well but only to a degree.
Supply here is more to do with planning and the fact that Sydney is spreading over such vast distances and there is  a basket of other very important factors that drive demand and hence prices in particular areas. No matter if we’re talking about houses or apartments, both new and established, there’s a batch of ‘demand boosters’ that are having an ever-increasing impact on prices. From a marketing perspective, I am also sure that buyers are fully tuned-into these factors and are ever more savvy about what they look for when shopping around the market.
If we’re planning a marketing campaign for a new apartment project, for example, I think it’s no longer enough simply to tick the location box. As some sort of all-encompassing concept that’s not good enough, as markets change and mature we need to apply a much broader view of what drives a particular location, it’s a diverse and interesting mix.
Supermarkets &amp; Train Stations
In any major city like Sydney, Melbourne or Brisbane the pressures of modern urban living are fairly obvious. How many times do you hear comments about racing to pick up the kids from school or not having time to get to the supermarket to fetch something for dinner, with these comments usually punctuated by ‘there’s never enough time’ in my day?’
It’s these everyday hurdles that if eliminated or made easier by where you live can really boost demand for a particular location and also act to underpin local prices, sometimes in a more significant way than we might be aware of.
Taking a closer look at some of these ‘demand boosters’ unlocks a list of features many buyers would both actively and instinctively look for.
Lets start with shopping, the spread of major supermarkets and the long hours they trade is clearly testament to how important having a good supermarket close by has become. Buyers would also I think be influenced by how easy it is to park, and they may even look for a particular type of supermarket and that could logically extend in some markets, like inner-city locations to emerging organic and gourmet brands.
In a similar vein of thinking markets and growers-markets, in particular, have become very popular and they could be a positive factor for some buyers.
Then we have access to schools and university, both have become key drivers of demand in some areas, it’s no accident that some of our most expensive suburbs are located near our best known private schools. And growth in apartments around major universities has been explosive for many years now making these areas popular with all sorts of buyers including investors.
Another booster comes in the slightly less physical guise of a suburb or street name and apartment brand, and for some buyers the street and apartment number are factors. In every city there are long-established areas and suburbs with instant appeal and allure, in Sydney, for example, the ‘Hills’ and ‘Northern Beaches’ have for pulling power as do historic suburbs like Paddington. The same also applies to new areas, and again with reference to Sydney examples of newish locations include The Ponds, Homebush (thanks to the Olympics) and Edmondson Park (thanks to the rail connections).
With apartment buildings, the pulling power of the brand is often underpinned by a combination of the developer’s reputation, the choice of architect and shrewd marketing.
Having access to good cafes and restaurant is another very obvious factor that will attract a buyer’s attention and act to boost local prices, a great coffee shop is a very real attraction and many inner city suburbs now have such establishments at their heart. Quality and innovative dining are real draw cards and even short-lived pop-up eateries can boost an areas appeal.
It’s also no accident that both Sydney’s Barrangaro and Melbourne’s Crown Casino have both employed international top-draw restaurants, in fact possibly the best in the world to boost their respective brand, and its worked big time. It’s clear that no matter if it’s high end or casual takeaway food a good operator in an area of neighbourhood is a very real positive that reflects in an area’s appeal and local real estate values.
The last two factors are easily the most sought after and these demand boosters revolve around views and access to public transport. Water views are easily the most prized, be the harbor or river views or as we see in Canberra, lake views, they all rank highly among buyers and big ticket homes with water views taker the prize, while developers will always do battle for sites with water views. Plus direct water access will motivate stronger buyer demand.
My last suggested booster is another obvious one and it’s access to public transport it’s a big factor in Sydney, as it is in other cities like London.
But it’s becoming complex, and buyers are today more sensitive to public transport congestion, just being near a rail or light rail station is a positive factor, however as various state governments put more housing on major rail links congestion is a real issue. News about the over crowding on trains soon spreads and buyers become sensitive and so look for options.
The spread of light rail in many areas is an obvious response and major transport infrastructure projects will continue to drive growth for some time, still we need to hark back to the fact that demand and hence price is driven by many diverse factors and each can help attract a premium if carefully marketed.
Peter Chittenden is managing director for residential of Colliers International. He can be contacted <a href="https://www.projectagenda.com.au/" target="_blank">here</a>.
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Cafes and supermarkets support house prices: Peter Chittenden

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As more apartments are developed across the inner-city areas of Sydney, one of the most interesting outcomes is the evolution of distinct, almost stand-alone neighbourhoods.
The appeal of inner-city living is made more attractive as these neighbourhoods take on their own unique character. It’s a pattern of development that doesn’t happen overnight, but it’s a trend that helps to make the city a much more interesting market and a more appealing place to live.
The same diversity helps to seed and then drive more sustained demand from buyers who are attracted to a particular neighbourhood. The trend also reflects how Sydney’s inner-city areas are championing a new level of maturity as the city enters the ranks of other international cities that have long been renowned as being great places to live.
This diversity is important for a number of reasons, including the fact that it influences the style of development, it sustains value, creates incentives for innovation and because it builds social inclusiveness. All of which are important for the long-term appeal of inner-city living for current and future residents.
Exploring an Example
This trend is not confined to Sydney, or just the City of Sydney, it’s an Australia and worldwide trend. The inner-city used to be seen as a disadvantaged area with crowded populations and a poor standard of living, but that’s no more. Over the past 20 years inner-city living has taken on a new attraction and new meaning.
It’s now a very desirable lifestyle, and the diversity of inner-city neighbourhoods reflects how popular the trend has become, and now it looks set to rapidly accelerate in the future. Inner-city neighbourhoods can be very appealing and I am going to look at Milsons Point, as a good if not the most top of mind example, and then (in next week’s post) I will look at a recent project there, 88 Alfred Street, Milsons Point to further explore this topic.
I have selected Milsons Point for two key reasons. Firstly it’s a compact area and a very distinctive neighbourhood and it’s also easy to relate the area to the more compact North Sydney CBD, in many ways it’s a very precise example.
Milsons Point
So let’s look at Milsons Point, its immediate neighbours of Kirribilli, North Sydney and the wider North Sydney Council area and then when we return to the project at 88 Alfred Street, it will be possible to see how the character of the neighbourhood and related trends influenced the project itself, the marketing and sales results.
The North Sydney Council area has a population of around 71,025; a figure from the 2011 census that I am sure we can assume has been constantly growing. The area has a housing mix that is 87% medium density (and increasing) and incomes are markedly higher than the national average.
At just 22% far fewer people have mortgages (nationally the figure is 33%) and many more people rent in the area, some 46% by comparison to the Australian average of 29%. The area’s popularity for rental accommodation dates back to the 1930’s and also to its contemporary investment appeal.
The make-up of the three key neighbourhoods I am interested in then fit into this big picture, starting with North Sydney. North Sydney has the biggest population of 6,397 residents spread across 147 hectares and this area has the lowest population density at about 50% of Milsons Point and Kirribilli – the area was settled in 1836.
Kirribilli has some 3,654 residents, spread across 44 hectares and is home to Admiralty House and Kirribilli House. There are also lots of apartments from as early as the 1930’s. Medium density living here is well established and of late has set some record prices associated with somewhat small apartments. The area has ‘to-die’ for views.
Milsons Point was settled back in 1805 and it has the smallest population of just 2,891 residents (2011 census figures), it’s a mixed use area of just 36 hectares, is home to Luna Park and North Sydney Olympic Pool. An interesting fact is that the resident population doubled between 1991 and 2011 as the number of commercial offices started to rapidly give way to residential projects. This trend continues today and may over the next 5-years or so see all commercial space gone from the area.
Across these three areas we can see some very distinctive neighbourhoods, they were all impacted by the construction of the Sydney Harbour Bridge in the 1920’s. The area is affluent, given the low population density there’s possibly a lot more room for further re-development in North Sydney and the area is a very popular residential area greatly enhanced by its harbourside location, great rail connections and views – all of which are classic ingredients for successful medium density developments.
 
Peter Chittenden is managing director for residential of Colliers International. He can be contacted <a href="https://www.projectagenda.com.au/" target="_blank">here</a>.
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The maturing of Sydney’s inner-city neighbourhoods: Peter Chittenden

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The past few weeks have been hectic for real estate with headlines about a possible shift in market sentiment as the major banks all increased their home loan rates and we also saw a drop in auction clearance rates below 65%. 
And so somewhat lost among all of these headlines is the news about the passage into law of the long-awaited review of Strata Title Legislation in NSW.
The Strata Scheme Management Bill and Strata Scheme Development Bill have both passed the Legislative Council. The two bills contain more than 90 changes to how strata agreements are governed.
Long after the other headlines start to fade these changes are going to impact the market for many decades.
I think that the correctly described as a ‘once-in-a-generation reform’ to the state’s strata title laws after much debate will come into force from July 2016. The Minister for Innovation and Better Regulation (interesting title) Victor Dominello who has been responsible for the bills, said that the laws are an important step forward for the state.
He noted that more than two million people live and work in strata and that the new laws will cater for the needs of 21st century strata living.
“The new laws will modernise collective decision making processes, increase protections against unresolved building defects and improve out-dated regulation impacting on renovations,” he said.
The key changes have received a deal of publicity and have also attracted a lot of emotional comment but I think the case and need to renew many older buildings has been fairly established.
Across Sydney there are pockets of development from the 1960’s and 1970’s that fall a long way behind modern standards and amenity. If we fail to make it possible to redevelop these buildings then this paralysis can have a detrimental impact on urban standards and possibly create disadvantaged areas, where values fall and we see a cycle of neglected investment. In a dynamic city this sort of urban renewal is vital to the city’s livability.
Now of the nearly 100 changes in the updated legislation, most notable is the requirement that only 75% of owners will need to agree for an apartment building to be sold.
One of the other key points addressed is a move making it easier for owners to complete cosmetic and minor renovations to their apartments, again this is important to keep apartments modern and with the services and facilities that owners require without being consumed by over regulation and far too much red-tape.
The changes will also prevent proxy farming, and while the extent of proxy farming is hard to measure, it can often be used to set up long-term appointments and policies in a building that do not always work for the owners. This change should be a welcome move.
Then we see another key change, which has also attracted a great deal of industry comment, which will see the introduction of a defects bond to fix building defects early in new developments. In the past we have seen some poor quality buildings leaving the owners corporation with a major headache and on some counts big repair bills that sometimes came on top of big legal bills because of a disagreement with a developer or their insurance company.
The new bill has a requirement of developers to lodge a bond of 2% of the contracted price of the building as a form of security to fix any defective work.
Here again the changes should be welcome and should not be seen as a threat among well-regarded developers. The suggestion that the introduction of these bonds might further inflate prices is a bit of a bluff as experienced developers have to their credit always understood the importance of delivering quality buildings, and most already do so.
The new provisions have also taken on some house-keeping issues to tackle that can have an annoying or even detrimental impact on people’s daily lives. These include the addressing of the perennial issues of (illegal) parking, pets and smoke drift.
According to The Minister the over-riding objective has been to modernise our strata laws to better reflect the way people live and work in 2015 and beyond, and as everyone is aware the numbers of people living in strata developments is now massive and growing.
In some parts of Sydney in areas like Rhodes, Chatswood, the CBD, Zetland and Pyrmont, plus many other spots, the concentrate of apartments and the density of population really dictates that the rules need to be keeping up with the pace of modern development, and to date they have not.
It is more than 20 years since the last major amendments to strata law were made and over those two decades we have seen how and where many people live change dramatically. Today’s strata landscape is also much more varied than a three-level walk up building and now includes city high rises, sometimes very large scale buildings, townhouses, dual occupancies, offices, retirement villages, mixed use and tourism.
According to published figures there are currently over two million people, including 25% of Greater Sydney’s population, living or working in more than 75,000 strata schemes across NSW.
But what is a very interesting figure is the prediction that by 2040, half of all Sydneysiders will be living or working in strata and that single static alone underlines the urgency and importance of the current review. The new Strata Scheme Management Bill and Strata Scheme Development Bill follows a comprehensive community consultation, with over 3,000 individual submissions received.
With the bill soon to become law it’s a good idea to take a keen interest as the development industry and buyers are all going to be impacted for many years to come but I think the laws do go a long way to creating a better outcome for strata buyers and developers and their passage ends a long drawn out process.
 
Peter Chittenden is managing director for residential of Colliers International. He can be contacted <a href="https://www.projectagenda.com.au/" target="_blank">here</a>.
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New strata rules set to have big impact: Peter Chittenden

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Finance has always been a key of the housing market, and as we have seen over the past few years, low interest rates have helped drive record demand and activity.
While this is not the most glamorous or interesting topic, finance is still a dominant part of the market.
Just a few years ago the suggestion that we might see 3+% for some of our home loan rates may have been unlikely, still today it’s a reality. (There are advertised rates of between 3.69% and 3.89% available for terms of 1-3 years.)
We are now seeing finance again in the main spotlight and there’s a lot going on that buyers need to be aware of and all the constant news about rates may be creating some confusion. As a result buyers entering the market could well be facing a dilemma, because on the one hand we still have record low interest rates, but we are also seeing the major banks move in one direction while smaller lenders move in exactly the opposite direction.
We also have APRA taking a hardline with the banks, while the RBA considers its next interest rate move and all of this commotion will possibly affect anyone looking for a loan, and that includes investors, SMSF and all owner-occupiers including first time buyers. Concerns being expressed by APRA might be unsettling or even seen as a negative, and so possibly causes buyers to be more cautious.
Against this background a number of Colliers International’s clients have recently introduced a special deposit offer based around a select number of projects with those clients accepting a 5% deposit, rather than the usual 10%.
The projects covered by this offer are Bay Pavillions – Lane Cove, Imperial – Hurstville, Atmosphere – Castle Hill, Altitude – Blacktown, The Chelsea – Kensington and 88 Alfred Street – Milsons Point. The offer has been well received in particular among buyers trading an existing property, where the costs of a move do mount up.
It’s not always possible to find $200,000- $250,000 as a cash deposit on a $2m plus apartment, and so the ability to exchange contracts on a 5% deposit has proved a popular idea, and similar offers are set to become more common.
Small Lenders Cut Rates
While the big four banks have recently increased their home-loan rates, ten smaller lenders last week cut some of their rates.
The cuts are for 1-3 year fixed mortgages rates, with cuts up to 74 basis points. This means that the gap between the highest standard variable rate and lowest 1-year fixed term is 260 basis points. It’s easy to appreciate why this is important when securing a $1 million mortgage.
It’s reasonable to expect that these cuts might spread as competition between lenders increases and institutions look to keep their customers and attract new ones. This competition usually involves a basket of products such as insurance, but is good news for buyers.
Still it does cause some head scratching as buyers weigh up the loans on offer and if the market slows other non-lender incentives may start to emerge.
The cuts by the smaller lenders are also a bet that they expect the Reserve Bank of Australia will make more rate cuts, or at least hold steady. Still while the prospect of an official interest rise looks very remote for some time, further cuts are not assured, because we may well be at the low point of the rates cycle. It remains common sense however that anyone looking for finance should do a lot of research and shop around for the best rate and terms.
Big Banks In Step With Rate Increases
The big four banks have all increased mortgage rates while the Reserve Bank of Australia is still expected to cut the cash rate, although this may roll over until 2016. And so where do the different banks now stand with their home loan rates?
ANZ Banking Group has raised interest rates by 0.18% points, its standard variable rate for owner-occupiers is now 5.56%, and for property investors 5.83%.
Westpac has increased its variable rate by 0.2% points. Commonwealth Bank has made a 0.15% point increase and National Australia Bank a 0.17% point increase.
These increases, although very modest, appear to have had the immediate effect on borrowers making them think twice about locking-in interest rates. The reason is that with rates so low on a pro-rata basis a further cut or increase of say 25 base points would be either a blow or a bonus for anyone on a variable rate.
One side result of all this jumping about with rates is that all lenders are also promoting incentives aimed at getting customers to switch between lenders with various cash and rebate incentives on offer. Borrowers can of course have a bet each way and combine fixed and variable rate, and this does appear to be a trend.
SMSF and Investors Face Controls
Tied up in this interest rate mix APRA has instructed the banks to reduce their lending to investors and SMSFs.
This move has had an immediate impact on demand from these two groups, and in part also introduced the requirement for bigger deposits. This tightening of lending restrictions has also seen some of the banks pulling out of this sector.
These changes come at a time when according to the ATO over the past two years there has been a more than five-fold increase in SMSF debt to about $15.6 billion.
The SMSF sector is larger and is estimated to have total assets of $562 billion currently under management and so changes among this group has the potential to impact demand for investment properties.
APRA Keeping Watch
All four banks have each blamed the recent home loan increases outlined on APRA’s requirement for them to hold more capital to cover each bank’s mortgage loan books, which now form a big chunk of their loans, with the extra funds earmarked as a potential buffer against any future financial shocks.
Still it’s the customer facing higher charges and in the housing market that always appears to be the case, as is demonstrated time and again with stamp duty.
APRA’s sharper surveillance of bank lending follows many years when the RBA had ascribed a positive view of the conservatism of Australia’s big banks, that view may have been relevant at the time, but now with so much exposure to the housing market possibly not now.
The tightening of bank lending standards since the global financial crisis has improved the underlying muscle of their loan books. This is an important result if adverse economic circumstances were to creep upon us again.
However a tighter rein on lending and a competitive interest rate outlook looks set to deflate any prospect of a housing bubble, which as demand softens now appears improbable, and that has to be seen as a positive.
 
Peter Chittenden is managing director for residential of Colliers International. He can be contacted <a href="https://www.projectagenda.com.au/" target="_blank">here</a>.
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Finance back in the spotlight: Peter Chittenden

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Over the past twelve months house prices have been on the rise, led by Sydney, but also in Melbourne and Brisbane.
Alongside this trend we have seen many high profile and extensively publicised auctions and pre-auction home sales with prices reported as well over the reserve having been paid.
We have also seen a number of apartment projects released for sale and sold out in only a few hours. Meanwhile, in parts of Sydney there's an ongoing land rush, with buyers camping out to buy a block of land in Sydney's booming north-west and south-west.
This sort of activity has not been an aberration, it's the type of market we are seeing more often than not. So called 'Super Saturdays' when big numbers of auctions come onto the market in one day are no longer the exception.
In Sydney in particular, we have almost an entire market showing strong demand even as prices continue to rise. On a slow news weekend this is the stuff of everyday drama, and so it's reasonable to examine why the market is acting this way.
Real Estate is a very different commodity
Against this sort of market environment setting the 'right price' might be starting to look like a somewhat scary prospect for real estate agents, for buyers and for sellers, for either a single private treaty sale, an auction or an entire apartment building or land estate. Real estate is a unique commodity, it is fixed in time and place.
Supply is very inflexible - you can't simply call up the assembly line manager and ask for a new delivery of homes, apartments or land. And we can't over look the overarching role of finance as a key driver of supply and demand.
Can we define value? When we set-out to define value, there is no lack of academic study or case law in this area but much of which comes from 'gentler times'. But none the less it's well worth considering. When looking at value there is the general supposition that firstly any buyer is perfectly acquainted with the property they are looking to buy, that the buyer does the necessary homework to size up the market, which today, thanks to so much published data is a far easier task than it used to be.
That buyers are alert of all the circumstances, which might affect value and the open market price, aspects both good and bad and ticking off a property's location, quality, access to facilities and the surrounding features. That buyers also understand the present levels of demand and the likelihood of what competition they might face, for example at an auction, from other buyers.
And then having either the ready cash or access to secure finance in a competitive market among those capable of buying a particular property. It all sounds very reasonable, very sensible, but then the factor of emotion enters the mix and any neat formula all of a sudden looks less useful.
So we might ask: what are the factors driving the 'emotion' in the market?
This article continues on the next page. Please click below.
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 Every Property is Unique
While economics defines the rules of supply and demand, the pressures of market over and under supply and the mechanism of price every property remains unique. As such, they rarely only attract one willing buyer.
As cities grow, there will always be competition and that's on the increase.
We should not overlook the impact of population growth. Currently, according to the OECD, Australia has one of the highest population growth rates in the OECD at near 1.8%, while in NZ its 0.9%, in the USA 0.7%, Canada 0.85% and in the UK its -0.8%.
We are fast heading towards a population of 24 million. This one factor alone helps to explain why homes are in such demand.
In New South Wales and Victoria, growth is being strongly fuelled by overseas migration and a big drop in the outflow of population to states like Queensland and Western Australia.
There is a finite supply and, yes, while you might be able to create more apartments or houses, every location is itself unique and so is the local community. They're not possible to replicate.
You can't put extra supply on a freight train and move it. It's fixed in place and time and is always influenced by local conditions. We also have a problem in the amount of time it takes to get new developments off the ground. The DA process at times appears to be stuck in the slow lane.
And because markets are so local, it's possible to have both under-supply and over-supply, which can't easily be fixed, if at all and so prices will always respond. If there are not enough properties for sale, then prices will always rise. Even in new estates or in development areas where more homes can be constructed it takes time to deliver new stock and so prices will rise.
People want to buy and secure their position now, even when this is via an off-the-plan purchase.
Property is local by nature and auctions clearly show how after reflecting upon all of the market factors (like those outlined above) the price paid will always reflect the scarcity and demand at any point in time.
Supply and demand in real estate isn't easy to balance, it takes time and supply needs to be in locations that buyers are after, that buyers want. Buyers are influenced by a range of external factors like the availability of jobs and local services and their needs can be very specific – schooling for a young family, university access for a more mature trade-up family or, for an aging population, medical, recreation and security might be the big issues.
Buying a home, an apartment or an investment in exactly the right community and neighbourhood is not that easy. So it's possible to see why supply and demand is always a local and very personal issue. When there is ready access to finance the competition will remain intense for limited opportunities and prices will always respond. This should not come as a surprise.
Demand and the prices paid for real estate are influenced by many factors including lifestyle options, investment goals, development constraints, population growth, demographics, off-shore buyers and finance. All of these then combine to influence supply and demand, and in today's market many of these factors are instantly recognisable.
 
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Peter Chittenden

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